ETS trains its speaking and writing raters to rate (score) spoken and written responses holistically. What does holistically mean? Let's use an example. Your name is Betty, okay? Recently, this guy named Howard has really taken a shine to you. Howard keeps calling you, day and night, wanting a date. But you're not sure. You met Howard in TOEFL class. You've talked a bit in passing, but that's all. Nothing serious. But he keeps calling and leaving messages. You're not completely indifferent. Are you kidding? In TOEFL class, Howard always gets perfect scores. Oh, and he's handsome too. Gorgeous! And he dresses so cool and speaks seven languages (German, Swedish, Portuguese, Spanish, English, Chinese, Swahili). And his car! It's a brand new Cadillac SUV, just like Toni Soprano's! And rich! Howard must be a millionaire. Okay, Betty, so what's your problem? Why don't you answer poor Howard's messages? Go for it. She would. But there is one small problem: Howard has big feet, really big feet - canoe-big feet.
As you can see, Betty (even though she won't admit it) has secretly been watching Howard. While doing so, she's made a list of all his best qualities (smart, healthy, rich, polymath, nice wheels). He is, without a doubt, the total package, right? Right. Except for his feet. Is Betty going to reject Howard just because one part is not perfect? Is she going to reject an otherwise perfect guy because of one small flaw? Is she going to kiss the good life goodbye? Of course not. Howard calls Betty one last time, and Betty says, "A date? Sure!" Why did Betty finally listen to reason? Because after evaluating Howard, she concluded that he is a great guy despite his Titanic feet. In other words, she judged Howard as a whole (holistically) and not on one part.
Holistically is how the speaking and writing raters will score your spoken and written responses. Think of it this way: Your independent essay is Howard and the raters are Betty. Betty will check your essay all over. If you make a few grammar mistakes, Betty will not give you a low score. Betty is very understanding. She knows this is your first, maybe even your second TOEFL date. She also knows you are under a lot of pressure. A few grammar mistakes she will ignore. But a lot of grammar mistakes? And mistakes in organization? And word choice? In that case, don't expect Betty to return your calls.
Want to learn how to think like a Betty (a TOEFL rater)? It's all in the book.
Got a TOEFL question? Ask the Pro!
"No, Howard. I must study for TOEFL."
© Bruce Stirling 2010-2011
