All American colleges and universities require a TOEFL score from non native English speakers. True? No. Harvard does not require a TOEFL score. I know of at least three other universities that don't require a TOEFL score. That, however, doesn't mean they don't require some other English proficiency score (SAT, ACT).
Also, if you attend an ESL program at a US university, and you want to transfer into the General Studies program or some other program at that same university, chances are you do not need a TOEFL score.
Remember: Do some research before you take the TOEFL test. Ask each school to which you are applying what TOEFL score you need. You might be surprised.
The Pro
